Analysis of the ideas of beauty, nature and origin, in landscape painting at the end of the 19th century in Argentina, and an approach to its role in the construction of the imaginary of Argentine natural space at the end of the 19th century. This handful of concepts make up a broader set of elements, in many cases dissimilar, that will be part of the story of the modern State. For a more precise approach, a work by the artist Augusto Ballerini is analyzed, which is representative of the time due to its journey and impact on the artistic and social environment of the moment.